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Nature14.03.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 14. März 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] and having this definite trend, are found to extend over the whole plateau area uninfluenced by the more tortuous deeper river-valleys which intersect the same area at various angles to their course. The river-valleys are covered with gravel formed of the dºri's of the rocks [...]
[...] covered with gravel formed of the dºri's of the rocks through which the present rivers flow, while the plateau valleys and plains are free from such dºris, but are covered with a uniform layer of red clay or loam. Whence M. Belgrand concludes that the two systems of valleys [...]
[...] M. Belgrand considers that the only explanation which will account for the phenomena presented by these higher-level valleys and hills, is the rapid and transient passage of a large body of water over the surface; and as the excavation of these higher valleys took place after [...]
[...] course were turned off at acute angles, until they reached the main channel of the Seine, tending thereby to form secondary or tributary valleys, which, when the deluge had passed, contributed, with the Seine valley, to form the pre sent lines of river drainage. Such volumes of water as we [...]
[...] the nature of that cause. Without going far into the argument, we may mention that the well-known fact of the gravel found in each tributary of the valley of the Seine, consisting of the débris of those rocks only through which that tributary flows, while in the Seine valley are [...]
[...] such exist. Not only is the débris of each great Lasin restricted to its own rocks, but even each tributary river valley has its own special rock débris and no other. M. Belgrand remarks, it is true, of the Somme Valley, which lies on the line of his third great diluvial water channel, [...]
[...] lies on the line of his third great diluvial water channel, and which prolonged south-east passes across the Oise valley and up that of the Aisne, that some debris of the older rocks of the latter areas have been found in the chalk valley of the Somme. But we must confess we have never [...]
[...] as just suggested. With regard to the ingenious suggestion of M. Belgrand that some south-east and north-west valleys of the table lands are faced on the opposite side of intersecting river valleys by a bay in the hills due to the violence of the [...]
[...] M. Ed. Lartet. Here again we cannot, however, agree with him in his modus operandi. The great boulders of sand stone, meulière, granite, &c., found in the valley gravel of the Seine, are attributed by M. Belgrand in the first place to removal to the line of the Seine valley by diluvial action, [...]
[...] leaving the rivers clearer and under conditions favourable for the growth of peat, which he shows never takes place in river valleys subject to frequent and heavy floods, but always in valleys where springs abound, and the floods are few and not turbulent. [...]
Nature07.06.1877
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 07. Juni 1877
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] pointing out the evidence for the former greater extension of the ice-fields of New Zealand, and dwelling especially on the proofs of enormous erosion shown by the valleys and lake-basins. [...]
[...] most deafening roar. No solid matter, however, was borne along with the vapour. Not far from the crater an extensive depression in the valley of Askja has taken place, and the fresh surfaces of rock exposed thereby give a clear picture of the peculiar formation of the valley by [...]
[...] plements have been so largely found ; therefore he believed that in all that area man is of post-glacial age. If we got two levels on either side of a valley, so many feet above sea-level, with the boulder clay cut off on either side, then of course the dººris at the bottom of the valley would consist of gravel, and so on, [...]
[...] at the bottom of the valley would consist of gravel, and so on, derived from materials which had been formed by the destruction of the several strata which originally traversed that valley. The materials so spread out were necessarily newer than the boulder clay; consequently man in the valleys was post-glacial. There [...]
[...] clay; consequently man in the valleys was post-glacial. There were sometimes two or three successive levels of gravels in those valleys. If a valley was excavated to a certain depth, and a deposit was formed in which they could find no traces of the existence of man, whilst at another and deeper level flint imple [...]
[...] mammalian remains and implements are found in the low-level gravel but none in the higher. Thus at the entrance of the Thames valley near to France we find evidence of man in the later high-level gravels, but man had not then penetrated into the Upper Thames valley. It was evident that at the period that [...]
[...] a few facts from personal observation tending to show that some modification of the theory was necessary. With respect to the valley of the Somme, there was evidence afforded by relics of the Roman and bronze age found in the peat in the bottom of the valley, that the river had not materially lowered its bed since [...]
[...] Mr. Tiddeman, man existed in these parts during the subsidence of the glacial epoch, that would account, he thought, for a much greater flow of water having passed down these valleys in palaeo lithic times than was the case at present. In the valley of the Solent the same class of evidence was obtained. Mr. Evans had [...]
[...] Solent the same class of evidence was obtained. Mr. Evans had shown what a large amount of depression and erosion must have taken place in this valley since drift implements were deposited on the hill at Southampton. The valley of the Solent, from Portsdown to the Isle of Wight, is nine miles wide, and we have [...]
[...] enormous lapse of time comprised in the palaeolithic period, which was evidenced by the amount of time requisite for the erosion of river valleys, he thought they would eventually be able to establish some chronology. If they could form any idea of the amount of time requisite for the excavation of a valley such as [...]
All the year round12.10.1872
  • Datum
    Samstag, 12. Oktober 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London; New York, NY
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] “first turning to the left ſ” This sharp first turn, on leaving the rail at Aigle, takes you out of the great valley of the Rhone, along which the rail runs, into the narrow side valley known as Les Ormonts. The [...]
[...] begin to ascend very rapidly, zig-zaging up the almost precipitous side of the narrow valley, amid extensive pine-woods, through which you constantly hear the roaring of the stream finding its troubled way into [...]
[...] mountain village of Le Sepey is reached, most picturesquely niched into the angle of the valley formed by the embouchure of a gorge falling into the main valley on the left. Le Sepey is the capital of Ormont [...]
[...] franc, or a draft of the beer of Lausanne, or a teetotalish pull at a flagon of limonade gazeuse), and push on into the upper valley of Ormont Dessus. After Le Sepey the road mounts rapidly [...]
[...] traveller is now in Ormont Dessus, and the character of the landscape is again changed. The valley opens itself somewhat more; the sides are less absolutely precipitous; and the dark fir-woods are alternated by [...]
[...] grand and very remarkable bare walls of the precipitous Tours d’Ay come into view above the hills enclosing the valley through which the traveller has been passing, and appear to complete the absolute shutting [...]
[...] heat, which I wish to recommend to the notice of my readers. There are several pensions in the valley— as in what valley throughout this play ground of Europe, are there not All of [...]
[...] grown caravanserais ! Therefore, when you come near to the head of the valley having all the peaks and glaciers of the Diablerets in full view in front of you, and when you can see the [...]
[...] sad secrets of domestic sorrows should burst their prison-house in those lofty walls, and go, as it were, echoing down the valley in sorrowful reverberations ! But there are murmuring voices, which speak of Vaux [...]
[...] been removed from this valley of tears, and had been buried with fire, drums and fifes, in true military style.” [...]
Nature04.07.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 04. Juli 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] end of the Longmynds, where the Wenlock Shales will be examined, and the physiography of the district formed by the Llandeilo Rocks observed. Walk back through the Valley of the Onney, observing on the way sections of Silurian Rocks from the Lower Caradoc to the Wenlock. On Friday, proceed [...]
[...] gravels in the neighbourhood of Acton have been divided by Mr. Prestwich into two principal groups—viz, the high-level gravels on the hills above the valley, and the valley-gravels on the sides and bottom of the valley itself. The valley-gravels have been again divided by Mr. Whitaker into three terraces—viz., a high [...]
[...] which is laid bare at an average level of 5oſt. The London Clay is also laid bare on the sides of the tributary streams running into the valley on both sides of the river, thus dividing the high terrace gravel into patches. The mid terrace is continuous, and follows the sinuosities of the valley on both sides up to the strip [...]
[...] and consequently about 50ft. lower than the implements of the high terrace, I } mile to the north. The section across the valley, taken through the two places, here shows the strip of the London Clay intervening between the two terraces. The chief points of interest which the author submitted to the [...]
[...] base theories upon merely negative evidence. It was to be hoped that other investigators would extend similar discoveries to other parts of the valley of the Thames. Mr. Godwin-Austen did not think that the presence of the young Hippopotamus was absolutely conclusive of its having been born in this country. [...]
[...] existence of man with the Pleistocene ſauna. Under any cir cumstances the gravels containing the implements could only have been deposited at a time when the Thames valley had not been excavated to anything like its present depth ; and they were therefore of great antiquity. . There was, moreover, a [...]
[...] wide; but there was at Croydon, 12 miles distant, a deposit of gravel capped with loess, containing elephant remains, and exactly resembling the Thames valley-gravels, and communicating with them. This evidently formed part of the Thames valley system, whatever that system might be taken to be ; and if so, [...]
[...] high, called the Rossendale Anticlinal, which forms the water shed between the basins of the Mersey and the Ribble; (2), the valley of the Burnley and Blackburn Coal-field, which drains north through gorges in (3) the Pendle chain of hills into (4) the broad valley of the Ribble; (5), a group of Fells rising to a gene [...]
[...] north through gorges in (3) the Pendle chain of hills into (4) the broad valley of the Ribble; (5), a group of Fells rising to a gene ral level of 1,800 feet, between the valleys of the Ribble and the Lune, called, for the purpose of this paper, “The Central Fells;” (6), north of this the valley of the Lune and the estuary of the [...]
[...] robably belongs to the same animal. From the outer part of its crown three folds project into the bottom of the median valley. The tooth measures 1 inch and Io lines wide. The species may be named Ahinoceros pacificus. Another fossil specimen, labelled “Crooked River,” consists of an isolated ver [...]
Nature14.09.1876
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 14. September 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] peninsula. The paper by Mr. A. Helland, “On “Cirques’ and Sack-valleys,” and on their importance in the theories of the Formation of Valleys,” will certainly be perused with profit by the geologist.” After a description of [...]
[...] of the Formation of Valleys,” will certainly be perused with profit by the geologist.” After a description of cirques and sack-valleys, and of the forms intermediate between the two, Mr. Helland remarks that the openings of the cirques are generally directed towards the north. [...]
[...] dalenes dannelse.” A “botn,” a semi-circular indentation in the mass of the field, is what is called in the Alps a “cirque.” . A “sack kedal," i.e., a valley, the head of which presents a semi-circular enlargement, or , a “cirque,” a valley which ends in a cul-de sac, might be called a “sack valley,” a literal translation of the word “sackkedal." [...]
[...] pointing even due south, but these are only exceptions to the general rule. Besides, when a valley has a west-east direction, or when the slope of a fjeld follows this direc tion, it is on the slope which faces to the north that semi [...]
[...] tion or in the clearing of cirques. The conclusions arrived at by Mr. Lorange, and supported by Mr. Helland are, that cirques, as well as sack-valleys, were necessarily excavated with the aid of glacier-ice. But the ice did not act as a direct excavating agent ; it only [...]
[...] cirques, the rock being disintegrated by the incessant intermittence of the freezing and thawing of water in the fissures. Doing little to excavate the valley, the glacier acts as a powerful means of transport of the disinte grated parts of the rock, where such a means is want [...]
[...] accumulates and protects the underlying rock from further disintegration. The tarns, so numerous at the bottoms of cirques and of sack-valleys, were formed, the author supposes, by the same process, the rocks being disintegrated when the water freezes under the glacier [...]
[...] cosity, with all the consequences of this theory, certainly will not find the question extravagant; they will remem ber that the motion of ice ºf the valleys, and even a motion on slopes from 20° to 63° is an established fact. [...]
[...] In the valleys which have, for example, a west-to-east direction, and which were crossed by the ice moving from north to south, the plastic ice ascended the slopes which [...]
[...] north to south, the plastic ice ascended the slopes which faced towards the north ; and also did it ascend on the fjelds when it moved up a valley, a phenomenon which, we know, is not at all uncommon. A second short paper, by Mr. Helland, gives a table of [...]
All the year round10.09.1870
  • Datum
    Samstag, 10. September 1870
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London; New York, NY
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] I had taken leave of civilisation. Brixen is a mile from the railway, through the valley. Arrived there, I was conducted to the Elephant, the dirtiest, noisiest, and most impossible hostelry that [...]
[...] not for those clinging clouds, I believe Dolomites might have been seen up the stretches of the lateral valleys, but they were wrapped in mist. At two o'clock we reached Niederndorf, [...]
[...] other peaks, and spires, and domes thrust themselves forward from behind, up late ral valleys, over perpendicular cliffs, show ing that the whole land was a sea of Dolo mites. [...]
[...] wait crowds of nameless vassals, over whom they tower in majestic sovereignty. The Ampezzo valley once reached, down a zigzagged road, I awoke from the Dolo mite nightmare into which I had again [...]
[...] and narrow the road. The strange fan tastic images that people those mysterious valleys are left behind in the shadows of the incoming night. It was now past six o'clock, and almost [...]
[...] monplace in itself, lies in the centre of the grandest Dolomite scenery up and down the Ampezzo valley, and is most conve niently situated for excursions. Hitherto all had fallen out to my wish, [...]
[...] post-waggon, having booked myself direct to the rail at Conegliano. Here, in the broad Ampezzo valley, the peculiar fea tures of the Dolomite scenery change, losing much of the stern and awful gran [...]
[...] landmark pointing to the wonder-land be hind. Opposite to Mount Antalao, across the Ampezzo valley, is Mount Pelmo, its fellow-Cerberus, with tall, obelisk-shaped summit. These two portals passed, the [...]
[...] Nature gradually reassumes her usual as ect. p Our road, still in the Ampezzo valley, follows the course of a river to the small village of Tai Cadorre, the birthplace of [...]
[...] crowning Dolomite excrescences, piled block upon block, like fortresses, the rich tints of the narrow valleys, shaded by chestnut woods, whose silvery trunks catch up the sunshine, all reminded me of “bits” [...]
Nature16.04.1874
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 16. April 1874
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] valley from early times to the present day. . For many years I had an ambition to work out the history of the Rhine. I have known it now for more than twenty years; going often up and [...]
[...] worked it out, with the result which is now to be explained. First, with regard to the great main features of the Rhine valley; it has its sources, as every one knows, in the mountain regions of Switzerland, one of which is in the valley of the Vor der Rhine, and the other in that of the Hinter Rhine, both glacier [...]
[...] that of the mountains of the Schwartzwald–-I found that none of the glaciers of that region (and there are proofs that glaciers once existed there) even extended well down into the valley of the Rhine. And on the opposite side of the Rhine Valley, that of the old glacier region of the Vosges, I found no proof that [...]
[...] fossils contained in the rocks, it is possible to form some con ception of the appearance of the country. On the east and west of the great valley were mountainous ranges now called the Schwartzwald and the Vosges, while far to the south rose the high mountains of the pre-Miocene Alps, more [...]
[...] I now come to the chief part of this lecture, which is to account for the origin of the Rhine : for at that earlier time the Rhine had no existence in this valley, and indeed there is proof that instead of the main drainage of the area, flowing from south to north as it does now through this valley, the waters drained [...]
[...] Rhine was established flowing at a height which we may roughly speak of as having been 500 ft. higher than now, because at that time all the great valley between Basle and Bingen was filled to that height with Miocene strata. We know this to be a fact by an examination of the valley on the right hand and the left, from [...]
[...] fact is plain to anyone accustomed to reason on geological pheno mena. The strata forming scarped slopes on opposite sides of the valley were once united, and their early continuity has been destroyed, simply by long-continued watery waste and denuda tion. They are indeed only the relics of an older phase of the [...]
[...] terraced hills on either bank still remain to attest the amount of watery degradation that the area has undergone. So much for the scooping out of the valley. But there is another point which I would like to impress upon you. On each side of the Rhine there are important tributary [...]
[...] rivers. Thus, for example, above the gorge we have the Maine, the Neckar, the Kinzig, the Elz, and other streams, flowing through deep steep-sided valleys; and these rivers have from a very early period been tributaries of the Rhine. It follows, then, that when the level of the Rhine was [...]
[...] 4oo or 500 ft. higher than at present the levels of the bottoms of these rivers must also have been 400 or 500 ft. higher than at present; and therefore, just in proportion as the great valley of the plain of the Rhine was being cut down and lowered, so in proportion must the valleys in which these rivers run have [...]
Nature27.02.1873
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 27. Februar 1873
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] (hough 600 miles from the sea, is one and a half # breadth during the heavy rains, and about a ng the dry season. Its great valley is, however, broken up by low isolated ranges which confine ters to comparatively narrow but deep channels. [...]
[...] been a comparatively recent outflow of trappean rocks, while the country to the west is exclusively granitic and metamorphic. There, as well as in the Sanda Valley, are hot springs which issue at almost the boiling-point, and at the head of the Nantin valley is the large extinct [...]
[...] able us to assign a place in chronology to the Troglodytes of the valley of the Vézère. There is not one polished hatchet [...]
[...] hardly above that of the river. Now, at the present day, it is situated twenty-seven metres above the lowest water mark; the depth of the valley is therefore considerably increased since the epoch of the Moustier Troglodytes. On the other side, the [...]
[...] the most recent, per haps the most recent of the valley, is very slightly above the level of the largest present [...]
[...] floodings. We may hence conclude that the valley of the Vézère was very much then what it is now, and that since [...]
[...] the river, to Eyzies, which is down, the distance is but eight kilometres as the crow flies; it is nearly double when you follow the windings of the valley. Between these extreme stations we see succeeding each other, on [...]
[...] will be more abundant than those of all the others put together. - The finest works in flint of the Valley of the Vézère are those of Upper Laugerie. All the implements, all the weapons of that station are in flint. They are innume [...]
[...] These carefully-wrought points, so common at Upper Laugºrje, are not to be found in the later stations of the valley of the Vézère. starce, that the workmanship of flints, after having pro gressed till the time of Upper Laugerie, had then declined. [...]
[...] of bones, such as those of Kirkdale, Liege, and Gibraltar, the last having been lately explored by Mr. Busk. Those of the Wellington Valley in Australia have afforded nu merous remains of marsupials, showing that those animals have been located there for a considerable period. Again [...]
All the year round17.04.1869
  • Datum
    Samstag, 17. April 1869
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London; New York, NY
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] all that was cruel, dastardly, and degrading. We were not long, however, in the Rio Grande valley before we encountered a new race, as different from our old enemies as light from darkness. [...]
[...] valley; population, 5866. 2. The Indians of Zuñi, situated about latitude 35 deg., longitude 108 deg. 50 min., [...]
[...] pueblos, situated about 150 miles north west of Zuñi; population, 2500. 4. The Pimas of the Gila valley occupy eight villages, and number 3500. 5. The Papago Indians of the region [...]
[...] villages, and number about 4000 in all. The Pueblo Indians of the Rio Grande valley were early converted to Christianity by the Spanish missionaries. Each pueblo has its church, built of adobe, and dedicated [...]
[...] Most of the above villages are in the main valley. Others, such as the Pueblos de Toas, Laguna, Acoma, San Domingo, and others, occupy isolated positions on [...]
[...] saint with great festivities. The isolated pueblos, which lie at con siderable distances from the main valley, are very different in appearance from those simpler one-storied villages which once [...]
[...] are the only native fortresses which now remain inhabited. In the valley through which the Zuñi river (a tributary of the Colorado Chiquito) flows, are to be seen orchards—chiefly of [...]
[...] succession of deep gorges through which it crosses the Pina-leno Cordilleras, it waters a rich and fertile valley forty or fifty miles long, between the mountains and the Gila desert. About twenty miles of this valley [...]
[...] holding iron in solution. A flight further westward, and the crow touches at Truro, in the pleasant valley where [...]
[...] twenty fathoms deep the imagination grows lively) with creatures strange and lovely— for these, hill and valley, lake and lawn, moorland and forest, are ready to recal the fairest features of the mother land. [...]
Nature09.04.1874
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 09. April 1874
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] tinual additions to the long list—chiefly through the exertions of collectors in various parts of the Andean Chain, where almost every valley appears to contain distinct species of birds. At a recent meeting of the Zoological Society, twenty-four new species of birds [...]
[...] ON June 22, 1863, the late Captain Speke published his map, giving (on native authority) four outlets from Lake Victoria Nyanza, converging to one valley or water-flow—the Nile. [...]
[...] modify my dictum by saying, that if by a rare possibility a lake may be found to exist on a water-parting having at opposite ends two outlets to two different valleys, I should still doubt the possi bility of a lake at its one lower end having a multiplicity of out lets converging to one valley or water-flow, as in the case of the [...]
[...] Same rate. The outlet of every lake in the wide, wide world is always being lowered from erosion, as are valleys themselves. Valleys exist only in the dissolution of hills. They are mere water-flows. They are the perpetually changing effects of atmospheric disin [...]
[...] They are the perpetually changing effects of atmospheric disin tegration, and the erosion of rain and rivers, and consequently every water-parting is a valley-parting. [...]
[...] being experienced during almost the entire voyage. In the first 1oo miles west from San Diego, there ap pear to be two valleys and two peaks. The first valley is from 622 to 784 fathoms depth; the first peak 445 fathoms, the second valley 955 fathoms, the second peak 566 [...]
[...] more than twelve miles by six, comparatively flat in the centre, but surrounded by higher land. This range of high land is divided by a series of deep valleys, forming ridges which are again divided into transverse valleys. Most of the hills are from 7oo to 1,200 ft. high, but one in [...]
[...] gravelly, and though seen only in this one spot in St. Vincent, it grows abundantly in St. Jago by the stream in St. Domingo Valley. As seen from the sea, the rocks of St. Vincent present a singular appearance, owing to the presence of a thick [...]
[...] nomena (especially periodic) of vegetation; embryonal develop ment of Tunicata; composition and mutual relations of albumi noid substances; coal system of the Liège valley. [...]
[...] human fossils from the same valley of Vézère, from Bruniquel (caves of Lafaye and Forges), from the south towards the Pyrenees (the cave of Aurignac), and from the cave of Gourdon [...]