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[...] all animals and plants to spring from what he terms a “primor dium regetale,” a phrase which may nowadays be rendered “a vegetative germ ;” and this, he says, is “oviforme,” or “egg like; ” not, he is careful to add, that it necessarily has the shape of an egg, but because it has the constitution and nature of one. [...]
[...] doubt what these solid particles are ; for the blowflies, attracted by the odour of the meat, swarm round the vessel, and, urged by a powerful but in this case misleading instinct, lay eggs out of which maggots are immediately hatched upon the gauze. The conclusion, therefore, is unavoidable; the maggots are not [...]
[...] which maggots are immediately hatched upon the gauze. The conclusion, therefore, is unavoidable; the maggots are not generated by the meat, but the eggs which give rise to them are brought through the air by the flies. These experiments seem almost childishly simple," and one [...]
[...] Now, Schroeder and Dusch found, that, in the case of all the putrefiable materials which they used (except milk and yolk of egg), an infusion boiled, and then allowed to come into contact with no air but such as had been filtered through cotton-wool, neither putrefied nor fermented, nor developed living forms. It [...]
[...] meister, and other helminthologists, has succeeded in tracing every such parasite, often through the strangest wanderings and metamorphoses, to an egg derived from a parent, actually or potentially like itself; and the tendency of inquiries elsewhere has all been in the same direction. A plant may throw off bulbs, [...]
[...] develop into the original form. A polype may give rise to Medusae, or a pluteus to an Echinoderm, but the Medusa and the Echinoderm give rise to eggs which produce polypes or plutei, and they are therefore only stages in the cycle of life of the species. - [...]
[...] As I have already mentioned, it has been known since the time of Vallisnieri and of Reaumur, that galls in plants, and tumours in cattle, are caused by insects, which lay their eggs in those parts of the animal or vegetable frame of which these morbid struc tures are outgrowths. Again, it is a matter of familiar experience [...]
[...] engaged in silk growing are some thirty millions sterling poorer than they might have been ; it means not only that high prices have had to be paid for imported silkworm eggs, and that, aſter investing his money in them, in paying for mulberry-leaves and for attendance, the cultivator has constantly seen his silkworms [...]
[...] phyton ; for the reason that in subjects in which the disease is strongly developed, the corpuscles swarm in every tissue and organ of the body, and even pass into the undeveloped eggs of the female moth. But are these corpuscles causes, or mere con comitants, of the disease ? Some naturalists took one view and [...]
[...] directly or indirectly, to the alimentary canal of healthy silk worms in their neighbourhood ; it is hereditary, because the corpuscles enter into the eggs while they are being formed, and consequently are carried within them when they are laid ; and for this reason, also, it presents the very singular peculiarity of [...]
[...] STUFFED BIRDS IN CASES, EGGS, INSECTS IN CASEs, MINERALS, FOSSILS, CABINETS, &c. [...]
[...] at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, on FRIDAY, January 31st, at half past Twelve precisely, the Collection of Birds and Eggs formed by C. Bamford, Esq., of Impington Hall, Cambridge. Also several other handsome Cases of Birds and Butterflies, a few Minerals, Fossils, Cabinets and Show-cases, &c. May be viewed after [...]
[...] were all of common white and orange yellow species, such as are bred in cultivated and waste grounds, and having found no matrix whereon to deposit their eggs to the northward of the river (the leaves proper for their purpose having probably been already destroyed or at least occupied by caterpillars) were going [...]
[...] were species of Callidryas, the males of which species are wont to resort to beaches, while the females hover on the borders of the forest and depost their eggs on low-growing, shade-loving Mimosas. IIe adds, “the migrating hordes, so far as I could ascertain, are composed only of males.' ... It is possible, there [...]
[...] vailed. In April swarms of butterflies and moths appeared coming from the East, sucking the sweets of the newly-opened flowers, and depositing their eggs on the leaves, especially of a Boerha: avia and of a curious Amaranth, until the caterpillars swarmed on every plant. New legions, continued to pour in from the [...]
[...] the larva. These, it is true, only form a skin or case in which the fly is developed ; but they are really nothing more than a larva skin, formed on the inside of the larva skin in the egg, and detached from it by the subsequent modifications of the larva. [...]
[...] mouth organs of the imago, it is true, are not the mouth organs of the larva, nor are they formed by their modification, but they are foreshadowed in the egg before the mouth organs of the larva are formed. It is the mouth organs of the larva which are new formations, not those of the imago. In this most extreme case, [...]
[...] the pupa skin is derived directly from the inner layers of the first larval skin, about twelve hours before the creature emerges from the egg. The imaginal skin is likewise derived from cells laid down in contact with the imaginal discs. There is absolutely only a difference in the time at which the successive skins are [...]
[...] similar manner around that of the larva, and the sexual organ; are gradually developed, even from the time when the embryo is enclosed in the egg. Fritz Müller in his “Facts for Darwin,” has shown very con clusively that the larval forms of insects are probably derived from [...]
[...] far greater changes of life and far greater struggle for existence than the perfect insects. They are all probably embryonic forms, brought from the egg in a modified state before their perfect development is attained. The same thing is seen in several crustaceans, which are hatched as Mauplius forms, whilst all their [...]
[...] development is attained. The same thing is seen in several crustaceans, which are hatched as Mauplius forms, whilst all their allies attain the Zara stage in the egg. The existence of mandi bulate larvae in insects which in the perfect state have suctorial mouths, is an additional argument in favour of this view. It [...]
[...] for the earlier types of the Insecta were undoubtedly mandibu late, or it may by an embryonic character, which has never been lost in the egg, modified by reversion or circumstances. This view may appear fanciful, but the aortic arches of a fish un doubtedly exist in the mammalian embryo, and no one can say [...]
[...] THE most interesting objects which attract attention at the Southport Aquarium just now are the eggs of the Rough Hound (S/ualus catulus), which were deposited in the tanks about the beginning of December of last year. All the eggs seem to be [...]
[...] distinctly traced, and possibly only a short interval will clapse before they are completely free. Mr. Long anticipates a similar result from the eggs of the Skate (Alaia batis) deposited in February last. The fine Sturgeon about eight fect long, and about thirty specimens of the Sea-horse (////ocampus brevi. [...]
[...] ding to Haeckel, no higher morphological value than the “pore canals” in the wall of many animal and plant-cells, or the micropyle in that of many egg-cells. Kölliker had already compared them to the excretory canal of unicellular glands. Since, therefore, they do not admit of being homologically [...]
[...] Following Balbiani, they regard it as an ovary; and to the frag ments into which it breaks up they assign the significance of eggs; while the so-called nucleolus, which lies outside the nucleus, is, as we have seen, believed to be a testis in which spermatozoa are developed for the fecundation of the eggs. [...]
[...] to them the nature of true spermatozoa. As Haeckel remarks, however, even though the so-called nucleolus be really a testis fecundating the eggs or fragments derived from the breaking up of the nucleus, this would afford no valid argument against the unicellularity of the Infusoria, for [...]
[...] by all that we know of their development. In all the animal types which stand above the Protozoa, the multicellular organism is developed out of the simple egg cell by the characteristic pro cess of segmentation, and the cell masses so arising differentiate themselves into two layers—the endoderm and the ectoderm, or [...]
[...] develop germ lamellae, and never possess a true intestinal cavity; the latter, which include all the other types of the animal king. dom, present a true segmentation of the egg cell, have all two primary germ lamellae—endoderm and ectoderm—a true intes tine formed from the endoderm, and a true epidermis from the [...]
[...] not seen by Balbiani, and though he observed two individuals in conjugation by their opposed oral surfaces, he never witnessed anything like the formation of eggs or embryos. I believe I have now laid before you the principal additions which during the last few years have been made to our knowledge [...]
[...] they are, a very few years would exhaust even the pro ductive cod banks of Newfoundland. As regards salmon, the percentage of eggs which come to life and yield fish is pretty well known, as is also the percentage of young fish which is destroyed. The num [...]
[...] ber of salmon (Salmo salar) which escape infantile perils and become reproductive is very small, not ten per cent. Out of every hundred eggs spawned in the natural state, it may be calculated that at least one-third escape the action of the fecundating milt, that another third never, [...]
[...] salmon river, what must it not be in the ravening depths of the ocean : A large cod-fish we know yields more than a million of eggs, but when we consider the fact of these eggs being entrusted to the boisterous waves of the sea, we have little hope that the yield of [...]
[...] purposes, by means of bunches of grass and soft matting. These, it is known, become the recipients of large num bers of fish eggs, and are easily removed to other waters ; which, being barren of fish, are in this mode repopulated. There cannot, we think, be a doubt that various fishes [...]
[...] lierring (C/u/ea harengus), and probably all its con geners (but this is not quite certain), spawn on the bottom, and the eggs remain there, adhering in masses to the rocks and stones. The eggs of the salmon, we know, when not washed away during deposition by flooded [...]
[...] emit their spawn in the same manner, whatever future direction it may take in the way of motion. All the fish eggs which we have seen gathered from the surface of the water were almost at maturity ; and the late Mr. Robert Buist, of the Tay fisheries, informed the writer that he had [...]
[...] water were almost at maturity ; and the late Mr. Robert Buist, of the Tay fisheries, informed the writer that he had seen salmon eggs, as the time approached for the eclosion of the fish, rise to the top of the water in the breeding boxes at Stormontfield, but they always saviž again before [...]
[...] of Puzzola, by M. S. de Luca. —A reply to two recent commu nications of M. Béchamp, relative to spontaneous alterations of eggs, by M. U. Gayon.—Observation of the liſe of Heloderma horridum, Wiegmann, by M. Sumichrast, reported by M. Bocourt.—On the helminthological fauna of the coasts of Brit [...]
[...] merely choose a plant of the species on which they have themselves lived, cut a hole in the leaf with their curious saw, and deposit therein an egg. The young larvae thus find themselves on their food and live like ordinary caterpillars, which in general appearance they much [...]
[...] requires both greater energy and more intelligence to discover and attack a particular species of insect than merely to lay an egg on the plant which has served the mother herself for nourishment. The passage from the gall insects to these insect-piercing species must, in M. [...]
[...] gall insects to these insect-piercing species must, in M. Müller's opinion, have been slow and gradual. The genus Synergus, which deposits its eggs in the galls of the true gall insects, constitutes, perhaps, a link between the two groups. [...]
[...] quently occurs that caterpillars and other insects in which these insect-piercing Hymenoptera have deposited their eggs, are devoured by birds or other enemies. Cer tain species, however, meet this danger by transporting their victims to a place of security. To effect this, how [...]
[...] Tenthredo became the sting of the wasp, and thus those species which carried off their victim to a place of con cealment would abandon the habit of laying their eggs inside the victim. Dr. Müller expresses the opinion that the various proceedings by which the solitary wasps [...]
[...] for some time. Of the most important ornithological acqui sitions amongst more than 1,000 skins, are the young in down together with the eggs of the Little Stint and Grey Plover, the eggs (for the first time) of Bewick's Swan, the eggs of Sylvia middendorſii and S. borealis, the eggs of Motacilla citreola, the [...]
[...] the eggs (for the first time) of Bewick's Swan, the eggs of Sylvia middendorſii and S. borealis, the eggs of Motacilla citreola, the eggs of the Smew, and a new species of Pipit. These specimens will be exhibited by Mr. Seebohm at the next meeting of the Zoological Society on the 16th instant. [...]
[...] of this remarkable form that had ever been brought alive to Europe. This bird is a female, as has been evidenced by her producing enormous eggs for several years in suc cession. The first of these eggs was deposited in June 1859, since which time she has usually laid two in the [...]
[...] spring of every year, at intervals of about a month between them. The egg of the Apteryx when first deposited weighs about 14}oz. ; it is smooth and of a dirty white colour, and measures 4%in. in length by 21%in. in breadth. [...]
[...] colour, and measures 4%in. in length by 21%in. in breadth. As the weight of the parent bird is only about 60 oz., it will be seen that the weight of the egg is nearly equal to one-fourth of the bird, a fact, I suppose, quite without parallel in the animal kingdom. Since the acquisition of [...]
[...] sented by Major Keane, and a second in 1865, presented by Mr. Henry Slade. The female continuing to produce eggs after the males had been placed in her company, we were in hopes of rearing young Kiwis in the Gardens, especially as on more than one occasion the male, as is [...]
[...] the custom among Struthious birds, commenced to in cubate. This operation he performed by squatting closely on the egg placed between his feet, so that its long axis [...]
[...] in no case has there been any result, and the eggs when examined have shown no appearance of having been impregnated. And at length our sole surviving [...]
[...] one of these huge eggs for upwards of six weeks, he yet been received in this country in a living state, indeed died, probably from exhaustion, so that the original it is only quite recently that naturalists have become per [...]
[...] have recently received a single living example of the un- - - | abnormality commences from the egg.” Such instances [...]
[...] had several times seen it in the month of November), in which it differed much from the common redstart, which preferred gardens, orchards, and hedgerows. The difference of the eggs was also remarked upon, those of the present species being white instead of the well-known blue of the common redstart. [...]
[...] almost certain to contain frog-spawn, masses of trans parent albuminous matter, with numberless imbedded eggs, consisting of yolk, black on one side and white on the other. A few hours after these eggs are laid, the process of development begins by the formation of a [...]
[...] slowly on the white hemisphere, and is just such a groove as would be produced by drawing a blunt instru ment along the equator of a soft globe. The egg is thus divided into two masses. A second form appears at right angles to the first, dividing the whole egg into four; others [...]
[...] smaller masses, until the whole yolk becomes granular, or formed of microscopic cells. Two ridges then appear, on the surface of the egg, and, uniting in the middle line, inclose a cavity, the lining membrane of which is con verted into the brain and spinal cord. The head gradually [...]
[...] becomes differentiated, and the mouth appears on its under side; the tail grows out, and the little creature, getting too long for the egg, becomes coiled upon itself, and, before long, ruptures the egg-membrane, and makes its exit from its mass of jelly. [...]
[...] in relation to the circulation of nutritive substances and the use of the fibres of the liber. 5. Does the generative vesicle perform the same part in eggs which are developed without previous fecundation (by parthenogeneses) as in fecundated eggs? 6. In vestigation of the cycle of evolution in a group of the class of [...]
[...] of the instrument with which it is observed; the author verified this experimentally, and he draws some inferences relative to the transit observations.—On the eggs of Phylloxeras, by M. Lich tenstein.--On a process of direct application of sulphide of carbon in the treatment of phylloxerised vines, by M. Allies.— [...]
[...] continually wrapping it up, until a ball of considerable size was produced. A careful examination of these beads showed that they were in reality the eggs contained in the substance of the threads, and in some the embryo was sufficiently ſar ad vanced to prove that they belonged to a fish. The mass was [...]
[...] forms enabling them, when thrown on the shore, to walk or crawl back leisurely into the water. It is somewhat remarkable that these eggs should have been found in the month of Decem ber, when the great majority of species lay their eggs in early spring. It is possible that Chironectes Aictus may be an exception [...]
[...] spring. It is possible that Chironectes Aictus may be an exception to the general rule. A scarcely less interesting peculiarity is seen in regard to the eggs of the goose-fish, or the common fishing frog, of the Atlantic coast. This is an extremely hideous-looking species, shaped like a much-depressed tadpole, with an enor [...]
[...] mous head and huge mouth, and sometimes weighing from fifty to one hundred pounds. It is known to naturalists as Zophius americanus. The eggs of this species are contained in an im mense flat sheet of mucus, sometimes thirty or forty feet long, and twelve to fifteen wide, which, when floating along the sur [...]
[...] veil. The mucus is so tenacious as to admit of being wrapped around an oar and dragged on board a vessel, but is extremely slippery, and readily escapes from one's grasp. The eggs, or embryos, are disseminated throughout this sheet at the rate of ten to twenty to the square inch, and by their brownish [...]
[...] of ten to twenty to the square inch, and by their brownish colour tend to give the impression just referred to. The num ber of eggs in one of these sheets is enormous, in some in stances exceeding a million. [...]
[...] Having said this much, let me try to describe the balloon which M. Dupuy de Lôme makes use of. Let your readers imagine a gigantic egg of inflated silk, the longer axis being horizontal; to this egg is attached an oblong car, something the shape of a punt. The motive of the [...]
[...] the nature of the materials they see cooked, unless it is that hot water and heat act upon them to produce the results they see. They will see eggs made into an omelette in a frying-pan, but hear nothing with regard to the nature of eggs, their value as an article of dict, and [...]
[...] How does the Cuckoo deposit her Eggs 2 A FEw days ago while examining a reed bed in the ſens of Lincolnshire, near Wainfleet, I found a Reed Warbler's nest, in [...]
[...] A FEw days ago while examining a reed bed in the ſens of Lincolnshire, near Wainfleet, I found a Reed Warbler's nest, in which was deposited a Cuckoo's egg. From the shape of the nest, which was very narrow and deep, and from the position of the nest, which was built on slender reeds, on the outer edge of [...]
[...] nest, which was very narrow and deep, and from the position of the nest, which was built on slender reeds, on the outer edge of the bed, it was utterly impossible that the egg could have been laid, as, in the first place, the nest was far too small for so large a bird as the cuckoo to sit in ; and in the second, the weight of the [...]
[...] go ſar, at any rate, to confirm the theory held by many ornitho logists to be the correct one, that the female cuckoo drops her eggs into nests by means of her bill, as it is well known she is provided by Nature with an enlargement in the throat, in which the egg could be carried in safety during her flight in search of a [...]
[...] from Bewick on the subject :— “Naturalists are not agreed as to whether the female cuckoo lays her egg at once in the nest of another bird, or whether she lays it first on the ground, and then, seizing it with her bill, con veys it in her throat (supposed to be enlarged for this purpose) [...]
[...] A Mirage in the Fens — S. H. M. LLER . . . . . . . 18. ‘l he westerly Progress of Cities.—B. G. J.ENKINs . . . 182 How does the Cuckoo deposit her Eggs.-T AvdAs . 182 The LATE M R. Archid Ald Sxt tºrh . . . . . . . . . . 183 Nºw ExPERIA ENTs for T H E L) bºrer MIN Ation of the VELoci i Y of [...]
