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Nature18.07.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 18. Juli 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] sections in the following manner. From each side of the main range project mountain ridges, which separate deep valleys a mile or two in width. Each of these valleys is a subordinate section, having its own varieties and in many instances its own species, which are found nowhere else. [...]
[...] by minute gradations without bringing in some of the forms occupying the intermediate territory. As the relations to each other of the valleys surrounding any mountain are determined by the shape of the moun tain with its ridges, so are the relations of these species to [...]
[...] each other, in the arrangement of their affinities and diver gences, influenced by the same cause. As the geometrical relations to each other of valleys clustered around one central peak differ from those distributed on either side of a long range, so do the affinities and divergences (the [...]
[...] extremes of divergence being in the forms at the ends of the range. But either on East Maui or West Maui, where the arrangement of the valleys is more concentric, the varieties of any one group of species converge so rapidly toward one central type, that it is difficult to distri [...]
[...] live are so completely similar, that it does not appear what ground there can be for difference in the characters best fitting the possessors for survival in the different valleys in which they are found. The vegetation is much the same ; the bird and insect enemies, so far as they have [...]
[...] but equally fitted when compared with each other)—is the determining cause which has led to these three species being separated from each other in adjoining valleys. The “Survival of the Fittest” still leaves a problem concern ing the distribution of those equally fitted. It cannot be [...]
[...] escarpment of the Oolite into the south and east of Eng land. Whether they were brought in before or after the present river valleys were formed is not very clear, nor perhaps very material. It is incontestable that they were transported from a great distance, and possibly by the [...]
[...] deluge of short duration would not necessarily introduce any foreign rocks into the submerged area, but would sweep into hollows and valleys those that came in its way; and even should the submergence be of long con tinuance, as in some provinces of Holland, it would leave [...]
[...] Fortescue Bay to Jerome Point, Cross Mountain included. Jerome Point itself is well polished, especially on the south side. York River Valley, which trends northward, is also well polished on both sides. Between the last two ranges of Jerome Point, westward, there is a cove trending northward, in which the [...]
[...] and rain, making pebbles and sand for the Lower Tertiaries; and still rising, it was at length laid bare in the Franco-Belgian and the Bristol areas ; whilst our Wealden valleys of elevation, and those of Kingsclere, Shalbourn, and Pewsey, show where its uneven back approaches near the soil. [...]
Nature07.12.1876
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 07. Dezember 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] remains in question had been newly brought down by the spring floods to the place where they were found from some point situated higher up in the river valley of the Mesenkin, and that the place where the mammoth was originally imbedded in the frozen tundra is to be sought for in this direction. [...]
[...] of Mesenkin with the Jenissei; a skull of the musk ox, re markable for its size, found together with mammoth bones in another tundra valley south of Orlowskoj; a very rich collec tion of sub-fossil shells, found principally between Orlowskoj and Gostinoj. In addition, various interesting observations [...]
[...] of observations shows, with warm and summer-like weather. The ground was quite free of snow, and at several places, especially in the tundra valleys, adorned with a variegated carpet of flowers. According to the statement of the inhabitants, how ever, the former part of the summer in these regions had not [...]
[...] and Middle Glacial, which gave rise to the unconformity dis cussed under the second head. This unconformity they illustrate by lines of section traversing most of the river valleys of Central and East Norfolk and Suffolk. These show that such valleys were excavated after the deposit of the Contorted Drift, and out [...]
[...] of that formation and the beds underlying it. They also show that the Middle and Upper Glacial have been bedded into these valleys, as well as spread (the middle only partially, but the upper more uniformly) over the high grounds formed of contorted drift out of which they were excavated, and thus generally con [...]
[...] of the two counties. The authors also describe a glacial bed as occurring at various localities in the bottom of some of these valleys, and which in one case they have traced under the Middle Glacial. This they regard as having been formed in the interval between the denudation of the valleys and their subsequent sub [...]
[...] between the denudation of the valleys and their subsequent sub mergence beneath the Middle Glacial sea; and inasmuch as such valley-bed invariably rests on the chalk in a highly glaciated condition, they attribute its formation more probably than other wise to the action of glaciers occupying the valleys during an [...]
[...] ºf the Cromer coast, may belong to this inter-glacial interval— that is to say, to the earliest part of it, before the glaciers accu mulated in the valleys, and when the climate was more temperate, iny similar deposits in these inter-glacial valleys having been for the most part subsequently ploughed out by the action of the [...]
[...] that the theory of this formation's origin which best meets the case is as follows, viz.:-As the country became re-submerged, and as the valley glaciers retreated before the advancing sea, the hidice of the mountain districts of North Britain accumulated and descended into the low grounds, so that by the time East [...]
[...] structure of the optical system in crustaceans, by M. Chatin.— Synoptic table showing the distribution of fossil molluscs in the Tertiary layers of the Paris valley, by M. Meunier.—On a crystal lised silicate of baryta obtained artificially, by M. Pisani.-On the study of the barometer, by M. Wickenheimer. 1. The mean [...]
Nature11.11.1875
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 11. November 1875
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] vated valley due south of the highest ridge of the Pic de Sancy. These, though gigantic, and occupying a very con [...]
[...] FIG. I.-Transported blocks in the Tranteine Valley, Mont Dore. [...]
[...] Fig. 2.-Transported block in the Tranteine Valley, Mont Dore (estimated length 36 feet). Pic de Sancy (N.) in the distance. [...]
[...] principal valleys, Chambon. [...]
[...] It is with the southern valley, or that of the source of [...]
[...] tance, when my attention was arrested by some large objects on the broad and level (as seen from a height) floor of the valley at our feet. They were presumedly huts, haystacks, or glacially transported blocks, and their position in reference to the head of the valley and amphi [...]
[...] Fig. 3.-Transported block split into two pieces in the Tranteine Valley, Mont Dore. [...]
[...] dently been deposited by an ancient glacier which had º: from the rocky amphitheatre at the head of the valley. The blocks were of trachyte, and what I took to be domite, of the same nature as the rocks towards the top [...]
[...] which I guessed to be about half a mile long by a quarter of a mile broad, and occupied both the floor and the very gentle slopes of this part of the valley, up to perhaps 200 feet above the stream. Others were seen further down... the valley, which however soon contracted ; its [...]
[...] held from the 18th to the 25th of September at Gratz, the chief town of Styria, in one of the most beau tiful valleys of the Austrian Alps. The Association is the oldest of its kind; founded in 1822, and preceding, therefore, by several years, the birth [...]
Nature07.11.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 07. November 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] the fissures at a lower level. But, for a certain number of years, the centre of eruption of lava seems to have shifted towards Atrio del Cavallo, in the elevated valley situated between the two mountains. In 1855 and the following years, eruptions made their [...]
[...] which at present may be about 1,000 metres in breadth. The burning torrent makes its way to the west, but on, leaving the valley of Atrio, it very soon encounters Monte de Canteroni, which divides the current into two unequal parts, giving to each a different direction, throwing back [...]
[...] an enormous mass of lava that swept over the little cone of Atrio. The lava burst forth at first in all directions, even a little behind in ascending the valley. It filled all Atrio, without, however, encrusting anywhere the sides of the rocks of the Amphitheatre of La Somma, and flowed [...]
[...] Atrio, without, however, encrusting anywhere the sides of the rocks of the Amphitheatre of La Somma, and flowed along the valley in the form of a current of about 1,000 metres broad. Subsequently encountering the ridge of Canteroni, it was turned to the right, though a part of it [...]
[...] the lava of 1858, which, having changed the slope of the ground, prevented it from continuing its route. The prin cipal stream continued to follow the valley of the Fosso de la Ventrana, running at the rate of about one kilometre and a half in two hours, passing under the Observatory, [...]
[...] those of preceding years. It will be noticed also to the north of the Observatory that the current has filled all the bottom of the valley of Ventrana, while on the south it has only run into the crevices of the old lava, surrounding the knolls, separating, re-uniting, leaving here and there [...]
[...] been spent in the Waigat, where you would be surprised, perhaps, to find that a great deal remains to be done. I have found a great valley leading into the interior of Disco, and have gone up it a hard day's march. I have ascended one of the highest of the peaks on the Nour [...]
[...] ascended one of the highest of the peaks on the Nour soak side of the Waigat, and looked down upon the great valley which occupies almost the whole of its interior. The lakes, as given upon Rink's map from reports of Eskimo, do not exist, but there is one very large lake [...]
[...] Eskimo, do not exist, but there is one very large lake which has a glacier or glaciers coming into it at perhaps 2,000 ft. above the sea. This valley is the most important one hitherto discovered in North IGreenland. The river flowing down it has the character of a river, and not of a [...]
[...] graphical Geology in England.” The book is illustrated by a series of consecutive photographs of the districts along the north side of the Canal valley, and each photograph is accompanied by a geologically coloured key, which shows at a glance the outcrop of the various strata. This method is, as far as we [...]
Nature23.03.1876
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 23. März 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] quarto numbers of it, which have appeared periodically, commencing in December 1865, are confined to the Province of Perigord, and chiefly to the valley of the Vezère, a tributary of the Dordogne. Here the river, which has cut its way deeply into the [...]
[...] Here the river, which has cut its way deeply into the cretaceous rocks of the district, has formed a narrow tortuous valley, bounded on either side at intervals by cliffs rising to a height of 300 feet in some places. Above this the surrounding country forms an extensive plateau, [...]
[...] this the surrounding country forms an extensive plateau, varying in altitude, but rarely rising to any great height above the summit of the valley. Owing to the different degrees of hardness of the cal careous rocks which form the precipitous sides of the [...]
[...] Owing to the different degrees of hardness of the cal careous rocks which form the precipitous sides of the valley, the weathering of the face of the cliff has been very unequal, the softer portions yielding to the action of the atmosphere have formed deep grooves, and in places, [...]
[...] along the sides of the cliff. As these caves afford con venient places of shelter, they have been occupied as residences by the inhabitants of the valley at many different periods, but more particularly by a race of prehistoric Troglodytes, who form the subject of the present work. [...]
[...] In the cave of Le Moustier the mammoth and reindeer are both found, but the latter is still found sparingly. In the other caves of the valley the same fauna is found, but the remains of the reindeer are abundant, and these caves are consequently attributed “par excellence” to the [...]
[...] a Mongol origin, but in these caves we are introduced to a race of men whose form of cranium is decidedly dolichocephalic. In the valley of the Vezère at Cro Magnon not far from Les Eyzies, a cave was dis covered and explored by M. Louis Lartet, which con [...]
[...] tion in the snow lying on the Alpes Maritimes, which are drained by these rivers. It is remarkable, too, that in many of the narrow valleys running up into the hills, now quite dry, there are evident traces of torrents and waterfalls apparently in recent times. R. E. BARTLETT [...]
[...] that this ice has remained ever since the Glacial period. The mountain presents these two strange antagonistic phenomena in immediate proximity. On one side of the valley there is a mountain slope facing north-east, well grassed, totally devoid of shrubs and trees, where the rocky débris are underlain by a per [...]
[...] elected an Ordinary Member.—Mr. Jenner Weir exhibited two grasshoppers, in an undeveloped state, taken by himself in the Rhone valley; in copuld—a peculiarity which had frequently been observed among the Hemiptera. He also exhibited a remarkable moth from Madagascar belonging to the Craniidae, bearing a [...]
Nature12.05.1870
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 12. Mai 1870
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] to-day we have had a refreshing shower of three hours' duration, which will prove of infinite service to the little farms in the valleys of Chamounix, St. Gervais, and Sallanches. Early yesterday morning, accompanied by a guide and my daughter, a nimble girl of 15, I crossed the Glacier de [...]
[...] little snow, the blue ice being repeatedly visible. We made the best of our way up the moraine, and descended through the forest into the valley of Chamounix, where the heat of the sun was oppressive ; beetles on the earth and butterflies in the air were numerous. [...]
[...] of the valley is sandstone, while the bottom of the valley lies on metamorphic rocks. The picturesque character of the scenery of this region is here well shown. Leaving [...]
[...] the scenery of this region is here well shown. Leaving Senafé, the road traverses a plain of slaty metamorphic rocks, and presents few points of interest till the valley of Guna Guna is reached, where the scenery becomes very grand, and increases in beauty near Fokada, close to which [...]
[...] there is a fine hill of columnar trachyte ; and where the road winds round the western side of this, the view over the valley to the westward, exhibited in our second illus tration, is one of unusual interest and beauty. The valleys, as usual, are deeply cut into the metamorphics; the flat [...]
[...] view of the HAMAs valley, west of sºn AFR [...]
[...] of the pass, is 9,050 feet above the sea-level. Here he found the Hyrax, Ichneumon, Klipspringer, and Koodoo. The drawing shows the Hamas Valley west of Senafé. The lofty hill in the distance is Hasheyat, or, as it is spelt in the excellent geological map which accompanies the work, [...]
[...] valleys west OF FOKADA [...]
[...] Gleniffer and Cathkin braes on the one side, to the Campsie hills on the other. The persistency and uniformity of direction of these markings, alike in the valley and over the neighbouring hills, sufficiently proved the great volume the ice must have at tained. He then proceeded to consider the formation of the [...]
[...] account for all the beds of sand that had been described. Coming to the “shell-beds” which had been found at various heights in the Clyde valley, from Airdrie, at 510 feet, down to Paisley, and from that to the present sea margin, he was of [...]
Nature29.06.1871
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 29. Juni 1871
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] Among the many interesting geological features to be noticed in the neighbourhood of London, the Thames valley is one, and is fully described in the work before us. Few of us are aware, except those acquainted with Mr. Prestwich's work, “The Ground beneath Us,” that the [...]
[...] coming work by Prof. Phillips), we will attempt to trace from the book before us the origin and condition under which the deposits in the Thames valley were accu mulated, such as those which may be observed from the neighbourhood of Kew to Erith, and beyond it. The [...]
[...] neighbourhood of Kew to Erith, and beyond it. The present stream, the parent of commerce and of civilised life, with its valley so rich in interesting landscapes, is but a diminished representative of a pre-historic larger river, by the agency of which, to a considerable extent, the present [...]
[...] and indicating considerable change in the climatal condi tions of the period, namely, the beds of glacial age which abut upon the northern heights of the valley, as at High gate and elsewhere. That the present physical features of the Thames valley are of remote antiquity there can [...]
[...] summer thaws when the winters of England were of an arctic severity, or that the river itself was the agent by which the valley was formed. Suffice it, however, to say that from the corresponding nature of the strata on each side, which shows they were once continuous, [...]
[...] each side, which shows they were once continuous, ſor instance between Highgate and Norwood, it is evident, as suggested by Mr. Prestwich, that the valley of the Thames acquired its present dimensions in a period of greater atmospheric waste than the present, and [...]
[...] Asiatic continent. Thus we find remains of the rhino ceros, elephant, hippopotamus, bear, and lion entombed in the valley deposits, affording a proof that at that period or previously England was joined to the Continent, over which land these animals probably migrated, so that the [...]
[...] Cyrena ſluminalis, is at present restricted to the Nile; this assemblage in the old brick-earth deposits of the Thames valley indicating a greater tenacity of life in the molluscan than in the mammalian fauna. [...]
[...] commences the Lower Engadin. The list therefore given by M. Saratz includes no point situate below that elevation. He classes the birds of this valley and of the mountains which enclose it into–I, sedentary birds; 2, birds which breed in the Upper Engadin, but do not spend the winter there; and 3, birds [...]
[...] The second ſauna of the Vienna Basin, the fauna of Eppelsheim with Mastodon longirostris, Hippotherium gracile, &c., is not yet known in Italy. The ſauna of the Arno Valley, on the con trary, which is represented in a marvellous richness in the museum of Florence, seems to be wanting in the Vienna Basin. [...]
Nature03.05.1877
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 03. Mai 1877
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] the adjoining portions of the Continent of Europe—that an old ridge of Palaeozoic rocks underlies the line of the Thanes Valley, and is only concealed from us by the Upper Cretaceous strata. Mr. Godwin-Austen's announcement was as strikingly [...]
[...] so prominently seen from Chester. These mounds vary in size and shape according to their position. They are very...well defined and numerous in the valley of the Alyn, between Wrex ham and Mold, where they have the form of oblong hog-back mounds usually lying parallel to each other with their longer [...]
[...] some parts are so near together as to form a series of connected undulations. They are largest and most abundant opposite the mouths of the lateral valleys opening into the main valley of the [...]
[...] Alyn. Their origin is well indicated in these positions, by the manner in which they lie opposite the mouths of the valleys at right angles to the course of the present streams. The most remarkable of all these is a long ridge running [...]
[...] crossed the ridge of the Hope Mountain, the height of which varies from 300 to Soo feet above the Leeswood and Tryddn valleys from which the coal must have been carried. On one occasion, during the construction of the Wrexham Mold and Connah's Quay Railway, I saw a large fire blazing in a navvy's [...]
[...] origins. The prairie mound would seem to be somewhat similar and have the same origin as a tussocky bog or mountain. The formation of a tussocky bog has been described in “Valleys and their Relation to Fissures, &c.,” p. 14. A tussocky mountain is similarly formed very hot weather cracks the peaty up r soil [...]
[...] contagia to be generated in decomposing animal matter, he would say that for the last twenty-one years he had been in the habit of visiting the upper Alpine valleys, where, amongst the Swiss châlets, there was the most abominable decomposition going on from day to day, and [...]
[...] telegraph from Vernyi, appears in the official paper, the Russian Anzalid. On February 11 he had reached Lake Lob-Nor, vić the Valley of the Lower Tarim. The population of the Valley is very sparse. Its height above the sea is somewhat more than 2,000 feet. Its flora and fauna very poor. The topography is [...]
[...] quite different from that represented on the maps. He was, at the time of telegraphing, in the mountains Altyn-Tagh, some distance south of Lake Lob-Nor. The valleys of the exterior spurs of these mountains reach about 12,000 feet above the sea. Here, as well as in the lower regions there are wild camels. [...]
[...] types.—Mr. Cameron communicated a paper on East Indian 7&nthreaſinia, and Mr. Butler a paper on the Lepidoptera of the Amazon Valley, collected by Dr. Trail in the years 1873–75. —Mr. Baly communicated descriptions of new species of //alticia'z and Mr. C. O. Waterhouse a monograph of the Australian species [...]
Nature05.09.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 05. September 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] WE have received a reprint from the “Proceedings of the Liverpool Geological Society” of the address of the President, Dr. Ricketts, on valleys, deltas, bays, and estuaries. In a thoroughly praiseworthy and fair spirit he considers the opinions that have been held from time to time by different geologists on [...]
[...] then read. After referring to the researches of M. Lartet and others, the author described the general structure of the southern end of the Jordan valley, which, he said, coincided with a great synclinal depression. The lowest rocks exposed are New Red sandstone; these occur only on the east side of the Jordan, and [...]
[...] In the course of the discussion, Prof. Hull.remarked that the statements of the author gave a good example of the formation of a valley by disturbance, and he thought that comparatively little was due to denudation. Mr. Topley thought that even iſ a fault or synclinal ran along the valley, yet the valley itself [...]
[...] why the whole of this denudation should not have been subaerial, the material having been carried southwards down the continua tion of the Jordan valley before the great depression was proved. All the evidence compels us to believe that the great depression is of extremely recent geological age. [...]
[...] is of extremely recent geological age. Canon Tristram, without giving an opinion as to the denuding agents, thought that the valley of the Jordan was marked out, and in great part formed by disturbance. In reply to Mr. Sharp, he said that the Moabite stone was a block of basalt of [...]
[...] undoubtedly have attained several of the higher peaks, and could not fail to have learnt a good deal respecting the disposition of the greater masses and the direction of the main valleys in the terri tory which we could not actually traverse. In point of fact we were able to make but two considerable [...]
[...] cidedly the best that has hitherto appeared, is defective in repre senting the main chain as arising abruptly from the low country, scarcely indicating considerable lateral valleys. At the same time it should be remarked that the projecting ridges which divide these lateral valleys appear to be lower in comparison with [...]
[...] ranges. 5. There is a marked tendency to the formation of consider able valleys parallel to the main chain, and in such cases the remark made in the last paragraph does not apply. Some of the higher peaks, and amongst them those named Miltsin by the [...]
[...] 6. It appears at least possible that the Anti-Atlas, if we may so denominate the range forming the southern boundary of the Sous Valley, is merely an example on a large scale of one of the parallel ridges just referred to, many examples of which are to be found in better known mountain regions. [...]
[...] be best represented by a series of ridges slightly inclined to the axis of elevation of the entire mass. 8. The remarkable valley of the Beni mduald, laid down on Beaudouin's map as extending more than one hundred miles from S.E. to N.W. in a nearly direct line must be pronounced [...]
Nature26.04.1877
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 26. April 1877
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] course be removed by denudation. By the time the volca noes had reached their full growth, a land-surface, diver sified by hill and valley, may have been produced, and when the volcanic products were showered down on this uneven floor, heaps of ash and sheets of lava would every here [...]
[...] are marked in figures is sufficient to show that if the con tour lines were drawn at every 25o fathoms the Atlantic would be found to be diversified by hills and valleys. Geologists are familiarised with invoking former rises and falls in land to account for some of the facts they study. [...]
[...] extent modify the relative levels of parts of the ocean bottom. But they could hardly account for such extent of variations in the hills and valleys as are met with. Some of the ridges may be the result of submarine elevation analogous to that which has raised [...]
[...] run in a line north-east and south-west, and are respec tively 3,450, 3,200, 3,250, and we may assume that they represent a valley line. Let us suppose that the area is raised till this valley is dry land ; what then will be the height of our ridge, and what will be the highest peaks [...]
[...] ridge is a table land. On the contrary, it seems more pro bable, judging from the variations in the soundings, that it was diversified with hills and valleys. Now a ridge of this elevation would, in all probability, have a snow cap ping even at the equator. Astronomers tell us that in [...]
[...] of this ridge being land the atmospheric conditions were much as now. We should thus have a mountain ridge with hot valleys, and every variation in temperature according to height; so that so far as temperature is con cerned botanists would have no difficulty in accounting [...]
[...] side of it are ocean depths, twice and in some cases thrice the distance it is below the sea-level. That if these depths were once land valleys, as geologists have no diffi culty in believing possible, then there would be a ridge running north and south along the area of what is now [...]
[...] island mountainous districts with a certain mean tempe rature, districts of open plain, having another, and sheltered districts and valleys having another; while parts near the sea-shore, have their own peculiar cha racteristics. To take a familiar case, we may refer to [...]
[...] Yokul river could not penetrate for several days the enormous masses of floating pumice-stone. The fall lasted five hours in the Yökul Valley, three in the Fljotr Valley, and two at Seydisfjörd. A strong west wind carried particles of these ashes to enormous distances, i.e., to Norway and Sweden. (We have repeatedly [...]
[...] the normal number of rats, mice, shrews, and even the grouse tribe, have been recorded. Mr. Collett affirms that the Lemmings travel chiefly in the direction of the valleys, and not constantly due west as has been asserted ; their great movements are chiefly nocturnal. He is inclined to question Mr. Crotch's motion of here [...]