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Nature27.04.1876
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 27. April 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] confirmation that the Alpine species of Campanula, pecu liar to Mont Cenis and the Simplon and neighbouring valleys, are not related to the Arctic species, but find their nearest allies in Greece, Asia Minor, and the Himalaya. [...]
[...] which are found at the present time on the Jura and the mountains between Geneva and Chamouni. Established at first in the lower part of the valley, they would ascend as the Snow diminished. The remarkable plants of the Grande Chartreuse and of Mounts Vergy [...]
[...] strange and hitherto perplexing phenomenon. From an ascent of the Unnutz (2, I I I metres), he learnt that the warm region in every valley lies between two cold regions, whose borders differ in position in every valley. The situation of the nether border of the warm region certainly depends on the [...]
[...] descent on the N.E. slope to about 30 or 40 metres from the top. Here he found a calm, and a little lower a breeze blowing down towards the valley. It appeared accordingly that the polar wind divided itself near the top into two streams, one of which turned down into the valley, while [...]
[...] streams, one of which turned down into the valley, while the other flowed over the top and then down into the other valley at the foot of the southern slope. This distribution of [...]
[...] pressure raises the temperature of the air as it descends. Prof. Kerner proceeds to a more detailed analysis of the distribution of currents over hill and valley both by day and by night, illus trating his theory by diagrams. After sunset the ground of the valley and the air above it cool rapidly by radiation. The air [...]
[...] valley and the air above it cool rapidly by radiation. The air thus made specifically heavy cannot flow off, but rests like a lake at the bottom of the valley. The current which has flowed down the mountain sides being raised in temperature, glides over this stratum, and rises about the middle of the valley, to rejoin [...]
[...] opposite mountain face. Obviously, the phenomenon of in creasing temperature with increasing height must be most strik ing where the ridges and valleys stretch from west to east, and during periods of polar wind, when the sky is clear and radiation strong. [...]
[...] pointed out the geographical distribution of these beds of sand and gravel, which extend from the hill-tops bordering the Bovey Valley to near the bottom of the valley, but do not descend into any outlying valleys. He likewise alluded to the peculiar dip into the valley which affects these beds in several places, and [...]
[...] only in valleys opening to the south, by reference to the position of the watershed in that county, which has only two rivers run ning to the north, whilst on the south-east rivers abound. [...]
Nature25.03.1875
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 25. März 1875
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] Valleys, and their Relation to Fissures, Fractures, and Faults. By G. H. Kinahan, M.R.I.A., F.R.G.S.I. (London: Trübner and Co.) [...]
[...] are too vague, and the inferences seem very doubtful. There are few who would not be prepared to agree with the statement “that the present valleys are not solely due to rain and rivers, but rather to that action combined with glacial and marine denudation, and that [...]
[...] What we really have to do is to inquire in each special case which of the various agents have had most to do with the formation of the particular valley, lake, or other earth feature before us; and therefore, in discussing the relation between faults and valleys, we require something more [...]
[...] and Cork” (ib.) We cannot see what right our author has to assume because the “outlines—river-valleys, lake-basins, and bays—occur in systems, the general bearing of which may be indicated by lines,” that “if such systems are not [...]
[...] specimens from Mr. P. J. Robertson. H.B.M. Vice-Consul at Bussorah. For this new form, which is ſound in the jungles along the valley of the Euphrates, Sir V. Brooke proposed the name Cervus mesopotamicus. [...]
[...] Geologists' Association, March 5.-W. Carruthers, F.R.S., president, in the chair.—On the relative age of some valleys in the north and south of England, and of the various Glacial and Post-glacial deposits occurring in them, by C. E. De Rance, [...]
[...] Government Geological Survey in future to prepare a drift edition of each map, showing the actual deposit at the surface. The publication of such maps of the lower Thames valley and of South Lancashire enabled the author to compare the sequence of deposits in these two important districts, and the [...]
[...] subsequent elevation, during the forest continental era, followed by a subsidence to existing levels, took place after the rivers had cut down their valleys to their present depth, with few excep tions, Neolithic man entering the country during the forest era. The far older terraces on the valley slopes were compared with [...]
[...] was never submerged. In Post-glacial times the Thames may have denuded the southern edge of the Glacial deposits, when it commenced to cut down its present valley and to deposit its oldest and higher river gravels, which are immediately overhung by the Glacial beds. The valley appears to have attained its [...]
[...] tion, and that in post-pleiocene times there has been a slight re elevation with a corresponding re-advance of the glaciers in the valleys radiating from the chief mountain centres, such as Mount Cook. [...]
Nature04.04.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 04. April 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] The road leading across this plateau towards Erzinghian, mounts up to it by a defile named “Ketcheh-Dereh,” or “Goats' Valley.” Here, at a height of about 5,400 feet above the sea, Mr. Palgrave came on the lower extremity of a large moraine, piled up to a height of more than [...]
[...] base, Mr. Palgrave found a second moraine, consisting of a single stone bank five or six hundred yards in length, stretching down to a valley below : its higher extremity was at about 6,500 ft. And lastly, at the great cleft about fifty miles distant, called the Cherdakh Pass, and leading [...]
[...] was at about 6,500 ft. And lastly, at the great cleft about fifty miles distant, called the Cherdakh Pass, and leading downwards from the plateau into the Euphrates valley, he observed a third moraine, larger than either of the two former, and extending over a slope of fully 2,000 ft., its [...]
[...] through them; all affording evidence of a past epoch when the water supply was on a far more copious scale than it is now. Thus the valley of the Euphrates itself, which takes its rise in this very plateau, is, in its evenly scooped extent of three and even four miles across, out of [...]
[...] But of all the phenomena of this kind none is more remarkable than that inspected by Mr. Palgrave near the sea-end of the great valley by which the river, once Pyxartes, now “Deyermend-Dereh,” or “Mill Stream” enters the Euxine, close by Trebizond. This river, [...]
[...] for the mountain chain is still as densely clothed with trees as it could ever have been in remote times ; nor yet to an alteration in the course and º of the valleys that unite to send their supplies hither, for there is no trace of any great geological change hereabouts within the epoch [...]
[...] logical characters of the permeable strata. If these latter are underlaid by impermeable strata at above the level of the rivers in two adjacent valleys, then the base of the under ground water-store will be coincident with the level of the im permeable strata, and its surface-line will rise, as it recedes within [...]
[...] at, the level of the rivers, and therefore all the additional sup plies furnished by the rain must, after traversing the interior of the hills, find an escape along the bottom of the valleys, and by the side or in the bed of those rivers In the dry upland valleys of the Chalk and Oolites, the underground water, dammed back [...]
[...] the side or in the bed of those rivers In the dry upland valleys of the Chalk and Oolites, the underground water, dammed back by the streams in the nearest river-valley, passes, under those valleys at depths varying with the resistance offered by the lithological character of the formation, and by the gradient of the [...]
[...] valleys at depths varying with the resistance offered by the lithological character of the formation, and by the gradient of the valley as it runs into the hills. When again, as in the case of the chalk downs and oolite hills, the exterior outcrop of the permeable strata rests on im [...]
NatureInhaltsverzeichnis 05.1876/06.1876/07.1876/08.1876/09.1876/10.1876
  • Datum
    Montag, 01. Mai 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 8
[...] Geological History,” 435; the Discussion thereon, 437; Dr. D. Milne-Home's Paper on Terraces, Flats, and Haughs at High Levels in the Carron Valley, 456; Dr. James Bryce on the Earthquake Districts of Scotland, 456; Dr. D. Milne Home's Paper on the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy, 456; [...]
[...] Fossils between the Borrowdale Series and the Coniston Flags of the North of England, 457; Rev. E. Sewell's Notes on the Drifts and Boulders of the Valley of the Wharfe, Yorkshire, 457; Prof. James Thomson on Ridgy Structure in Coal, 457; on Basalts and other Igneous Rocks, by the [...]
[...] Specific Gravity of the Surface-water of the Ocean, 491 ; Prof. Porter on the Physical Conformation and Antiquities of the Jordan Valley, 491 ; Signor G. E. Cerruti on his Recent Explorations in North-west New Guinea, 491 ..Section F. (AEconomic Science and Statistics).--Dr. William [...]
[...] Cienkowski's Observations on Monads, 298 Cimbri, Ethnology of the, 82 Cirques and Sack-valleys, A. Helland on, 422 City Guilds, W. H. James, M.P., on the, 559 “City of Health,” Dr. Richardson's, 301 [...]
[...] Field Voles, Plague of, 35 Fiji, Prehistoric Spectacle in, 466 Firths, Dales, and Lakes, Valleys, and Cañons, 230 Fishes, the Gills of, 519 Florida Shell Mounds, Prof. Jeffries Wyman, 531 [...]
[...] Heligoland, Gätke's Ornithology of, 582 Heliotropism, 261 Helland (A.), “Cirques and Sack-valleys,” 422 Hell Gate, Removal of, 496 Helvetic Society of Natural Science, 259 [...]
[...] Jenkins (B. J.), Visible Horizon, 49 Jenkinson's Guides to the Isle of Wight, 349 Jordan Valley, Prof. Porter on the, 491 Journal of Botany, 37 Journal of the Chemical Society, 17, 26.1, 301, 562 [...]
[...] Sack-valleys, A. Helland on, 422 St. Louis Academy of Science, 498 St. Paul, the Malacological Fauna of the Island of, 322 [...]
Nature16.03.1876
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 16. März 1876
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] space so conclusively proved by Agassiz and others. The longest of the five papers in this collection is the most recent : “On the Physical History of the Valley of the Amazons,” in which he gives his reasons for considering the whole of that valley to have been filled with ice, and [...]
[...] out between the form of the stones in these deposits, and those in common boulder-clay. It should be noted also that in many cases these breccias occur in old valleys, and bear many of the characters of valley-moraines. Such are those to the east of Ullswater, and those which [...]
[...] forward, involving, as he believes it would, if carried out, the conversion of the “fertile meadows’ of the Thames Valley into “arid wastes,” and the utter destruction of “watercress beds, now of fabulous value; ” he adds that “even the canals and navigable rivers will become liable [...]
[...] dire results, he doubts whether his “judgment is seriously distorted,” although he admits being deeply interested in the water power of one of the threatened valleys, and protests that no one can submit silently to an insidious (?) attack upon his property. [...]
[...] attack upon his property. Having carefully studied for many years the hydrogra phical features of the Thames and other valleys, I have no hesitation in saying that Mr. Evans's fears are, for the most part, entirely unsupported by experience. Sterility [...]
[...] grown city,” as Mr Evans contemptuously terms it, drink the pure spring water which nature offers them in singular abundance in the Thames valley, or shall they not be permitted to taste this sparkling beverage until the paper manufacturers, in the exercise of what they call their [...]
[...] the valley of the Indus. As soon as we reached vege tation, at a distance of only two marches from the above [...]
[...] affects its colour and distinctness, and through it you get a standard for judging distances. Without vegetation, even at a lower height, as, for instance, in the valley of the Bagha (Lahoul), you seem to look through a vacuum. In the upper part of the valley of the Indus, of which I am [...]
[...] striking result. That the absence of any rain or deposit of any kind must not be left out of account is clear. The air in the side valleys of Cashmere, although rich in vege tation, is particularly transparent. Strange enough the principal valley of Cashmere, i.e. the valley of the Jehlum, [...]
[...] was seen, with the sun as centre. It stood on the white edge of a dark cloud. 2. Aug. 1.-At Dwara, in the Kulu Valley, almost the exact reproduction of the above phenomenon was seen on a cloud hanging on the side of a mountain. It was [...]
Nature28.03.1872
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 28. März 1872
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] countries. Allied also to this subject are the great questions relating to the form of our present continents—the elevation of the land—the origin of valleys and plains—and of all that which prepared this globe for the advent of man. - But while treating of these abstract and philosophical ques [...]
[...] and Highbury; and there habitations followed. In the same way, south of the Thames, villages and buildings were gradually extended over the valley-gravels to Peckham, Camberwell, Brix ton, and Clapham ; while, beyond, houses and villages rose on the gravel-capped hills of Streatham, Denmark Hill, and Nor [...]
[...] On the outskirts of London a succession of villages grew up for miles on the great beds of gravel ranging on the east to Barking, Ilford, and Romford—on the north, following the valley of the Lea to Edmonton and Hoddesdon; and on the West, up the Thames-valley to Ealing, Hounslow, Slough, Hammersmith, [...]
[...] houses. Yet the ground is all cultivated and productive. But immediately eastward of this area, and ranging thence to the valley of the Lea, the ground rises higher, and most of the London-clay hills are capped by gravel of an older age than that of the London valley, and belonging to the boulder-clay series. [...]
[...] Finchley, Barnet, Totteridge, Whetstone, Southgate, and others. There is yet another very common source of well-water supply from beds of gravel directing population to low sites in valleys, which is this. Everywhere on the banks of the Thames and its tributaries there is a lower-lying bed of valley-gravel or of rubble [...]
[...] the towns of Ware and Hertford on the Lea, have this shallow well-supply. A great many towns and numberless villages along most of our river-valleys all through England, and on whatever formation situated, are dependent on this superficial source of supply, a supply much more permanent than the other shallow [...]
[...] formations, by the level of the lowest natural point of escape, which is either the coast-line if near, or the nearest river valley. Below these levels permeable strata are always charged with water; consequently under London the chalk is everywhere water-bearing; but as the Lower Chalk is more [...]
[...] mains unaltered at a distance from London, and as with Tertiary Sands the mass of the chalk beneath intersecting the level of the river valleys remains constantly charged with water. Ordinary wells, therefore, sunk below this line of saturation into the chalk where it comes to or near the surface, are capable of yielding [...]
[...] the theories for accounting for the terraces, the first of which, that of Professor Agassiz (in 1840), accounted for them by a great glacier damming up the valley, and from time to time declining in height. The glacial theory, on which this view rested, had to some extent been doubted, but eventually had [...]
[...] observed, were by no means confined to Glen Roy itself, but were to be seen on a large scale, and at a lower level in the valley of the Speam, if not elsewhere. [...]
Nature27.01.1870
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 27. Januar 1870
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] The levels of the river also appear to present a great obstacle to its joining the Nile lakes. Leaving the Valley of the Loangwa, Dr. Livingstone tells us that he ascended to a great plateau which extends for 350 miles square, southward of Tanganyika. This table-land is at an ele [...]
[...] that he ascended to a great plateau which extends for 350 miles square, southward of Tanganyika. This table-land is at an ele vation of from 3,000 to 6,oco feet above the sea. The valley of the Chambeze crosses this plateau from east to west, and the river descends from it into the great valley of the Lakes Bang [...]
[...] sandstone. 2. “On the superficial deposits of portions of the Avon and Severn Valleys and adjoining districts.” By Mr. T. G. B. Lloyd, C. E., F.G.S. The author, after describing the general characters of what he termed the Drifts of the Upper and Lower [...]
[...] characters of what he termed the Drifts of the Upper and Lower series, and the freshwater gravels of the Lower Avon, comprised within the district of the Avon Valley between Tewkesbury and Rugby, and of the Severn. Valley above and below the town of Worcester, endeavoured to show that there was a balance of [...]
[...] Strickland. Further, that there was no evidence to warrant the supposition of the existence of high and low level river-gravels in those portions of the Severn and Avon Valleys under review, and that the apparent absence of any freshwater shells in the gravels of the Severn Valley between Bridgnorth and Tewkes [...]
[...] bury led to the inſerence that the freshwater gravels of the Avon were not represented in the adjoining portions of the Severn Valley, although remains of some of the same species of mam malia occurred in both localities. Aſter stating his opinion that the time had not yet arrived for indulging in theoretical specula [...]
[...] noticing the general configuration of the surface of the district under review, which he stated to consist of an elevated plateau, bounded and rendered irregular in its outlines by valleys. The district consists chiefly of Lower Lias, with a few patches of Middle Lias. The surface-deposits on the plateau and on similar [...]
[...] quartzose drift ; 2. Sugary sand, with grains of chalk ; 3. Clay, with pebbles, principally of chalk, and distinctly striated. The valleys bounding the plateau were described as belonging to two systems, those of the Avon and Leam. The bottom of each valley is generally a narrow strip of alluvial soil, bordered by [...]
[...] same age. Mr. Gwyn Jeffreys was doubtſul as to the authen ticity of some of the shells which had been brought to Mr. Maw. The fossil shells from the Severn Valley, Wolverhamp ton, Manchester, and Moel Tryſaen were nearly identical, and indicated raised beaches. He thought it possible that a [...]
[...] through that part of England. Mr. W. Boyd Dawkins did not consider that there was any marked difference in the mammalian fauna of the Avon and Severn Valleys. He had failed to discover any traces of Ælephas antiquus in either. Mr. Prestwich thought that the author had probably divided [...]
Nature29.09.1870
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 29. September 1870
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] It would appear that man followed up the retreating ice of the north of Europe, for the remains of his works are ſound high up in many British valleys, which must then have begun to le formed by the natural drainage out of the deposits of the Glacial Period. [...]
[...] with Crete and Northern Africa north of the Sahara. 2. The formation of a volcanic tuſa on the hills bordering the present valleys of the Tiber and its tributaries; the excavation of those valleys by the river and its streams; the last eruption of the volcanoes of Latium, and their permanent extinction. [...]
[...] The space included in the Roman territory has received its con tour, and vast tracts near the coast have been worn away. 3. The formation of valleys in the Alpine detritus, which covered up large tracts of Northern Italy, and the re-excavation of old valleys, which had been mºre or less filled with the de [...]
[...] tion of valleys in this gravel or silt, and the production of such heights as those which bound such plateaux as Rivoli. 4. Considerable local alterations in the relative level of land [...]
[...] and sea along the west Neapolitan coast. 5. The formation of the straits of Gibraltar. 6. The excavation of such valleys as that of the Manganores in Central Spain, the formation of gravels containing flint imple ments and mammalian bones near Madrid, and therefore far [...]
[...] as those in the neighbourhood of Tarascon; the dispersion of the results of the wear and tear of the second extension of the Pyrenean glaciers, and the filling up of the old valleys with it; the re-excavation of the valleys, and the carrying down of their silt or loess to the plains; the formation of streams and water [...]
[...] silt or loess to the plains; the formation of streams and water courses through this deposit. - 8. The formation of certain valleys in the Perigord by streams to a certain extent, but principally by the gradual effects of rain, heat, frost, and other meteorological actions. [...]
[...] to a certain extent, but principally by the gradual effects of rain, heat, frost, and other meteorological actions. 9. The excavation of the valleys of North and Eastern France, and the denudation and retrogression of their watersheds. Io. The dispersion of Alpine rocks, gravels, and rocks to the [...]
[...] Aſter the retirement of the glaciers, subsequent to this second extension, the wash-down of the Alps, Vosges, and Ardennes was spread over the older gravel. It filled up the valleys, and extended with a thickness varying from a few yards to a thousand feet and more, all down and over what is now the valley of the [...]
[...] 11. The separation of the coasts of France and England about Dover and Calais. 12. The excavation of nearly all the valleys in the district east of a line drawn from King's Lynn to Portland, the denudation of their watersheds, and retrogression of the river sources. [...]
Nature01.05.1873
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 01. Mai 1873
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] to be applicable also to the Eastern Alps. He then proceeded to examine a number of lakes in detail. The Königsee lies in a remarkably deep, steep-sided valley, terminated by a cirque, with cliffs full a thousand feet high, and has no large supply area behind. The Hallstadtersee is similarly situated, has a cirque at [...]
[...] with cliffs full a thousand feet high, and has no large supply area behind. The Hallstadtersee is similarly situated, has a cirque at the head, and two lateral valleys nearly at right angles to the lake, up which arms of it have formerly extended. These are not likely to have furnished glaciers which could have excavated [...]
[...] not likely to have furnished glaciers which could have excavated the lake ; and above the cirque there is no large supply area. The Gasauthal consists of lake-basins separated by valleys of river-erosion. The Fuschelsee and Wolfgangersee, on the south side of the Schafberg, are separated by a narrow sharp ridge of [...]
[...] primarily by glaciers. He considered a far more probable ex planation to be, that the greater lake-basins were parts of ordi nary valleys, excavated by rain and rivers, the beds of which had undergone disturbances after the valley had assumed approxi mately its present contour. He showed that the lakes were in [...]
[...] obtain, no lake offered any against it, and one, the Königs-e, was very ſavourable to it.—“On the Effects of Glacier-erosion in Alpine Valleys,” by Signor B. Gastaldi. The author de scribed the occurrence in the valley of the Lanzo and other Alpine valleys, at heights between 2,000 and 3,000 metres [...]
[...] Alpine valleys, at heights between 2,000 and 3,000 metres (6,700 and io,000 feet), of large cirques, in two of which, in the valley Sauze de Césanne, the bottom was occupied in the autumn [...]
[...] hard rocks, such as felspathic, amphibolite, and chlorite-schists, he considered to be proved. The author then referred to the mouths of the Alpine valleys opening upon the plain, which he described as being generally very narrow in proportion to their length, width, and orographical importance; and he pointed [...]
[...] described as being generally very narrow in proportion to their length, width, and orographical importance; and he pointed out that in the case of the valley of the Stura, at any rate, the outlet of the valley has been cut out by the river. This pecu liarity he accounts for by the fact that whilst the calcareous and [...]
[...] of these rocks in the region under consideration, by reason of which portions of them occupied the points which are now the mouths of the valleys. [...]
[...] Roy AL INSTITUTIox, at 2. —Annual Meeting. AºA 1/9A P. MAY 2. Geologists' Association, at 8.-On the Valley of the Vézère º, its Limestones, Caves, and Pre-historic Remains: T. Rupert Jones. Roy Al INSTITUrios, at 9.-Alcohols from Flints: Prof. Reynolds. [...]
Nature21.06.1877
  • Datum
    Donnerstag, 21. Juni 1877
  • Erschienen
    London
  • Verbreitungsort(e)
    London
Anzahl der Treffer: 10
[...] mountains belonging to the Tian Shan system. Two main ridges, which both run north-east to south-west, and are divided by the broad valley of the Surhan,' form the backbones of this hilly tract. Secondary ridges, either parallel to the main ones, or spreading out of them, fill [...]
[...] of the Vaksh, seems to be higher, but yet far below the highlands of Kokand or of Eastern Turkestan. Besides, tne highlands are deeply cut into by large and broad valleys which have in their lower parts a prevailing direction south by west, running thus to the Oxus. The north [...]
[...] the valley of the Surhan river which, as well as the Guzar and the Shir-abad, rises in the snow-covered ridge Meshai Kentely, and receives many affluents. Some time before [...]
[...] roofs of the dwellings from Denau to the Amu. Now, the population is concentrated in the upper, better watered parts of the valley, where we find the towns Kara-tag, Sary djui, Yourchi, and Denau. Further east we have the valley of the Kafirnagan (the Ramid of Ibis-Dast), the [...]
[...] source of which is about Paldorak, this river being second in size to the Surhan. An enlargement in the upper parts of its valley, running east and west, is well peopled, and contains the towns Hissar, Fyzabad, Kafirnagan, and Doshambe. Then, below Hissar, the river enters a deep [...]
[...] affluents of the Pandj, the KChi-Surhab (little Surhab), was explored by M. Maïeff; it is formed by two rivers, the Baldshoan and Kolab, the valley of the latter being well peopled and cultivated, notwithstanding the exten sive marshes which have given their name to the town, [...]
[...] The population of the country consists of Usbecks and Tadjicks, the former occupying, mostly the lower and better parts of the valleys, having driven the Tadjicks back to the upper parts. The banks of the Amu-daria, and especially the western parts of the country, are mostly [...]
[...] more numerous to the east. The towns contain, as usual, a very mixed population. The lower parts of the Vaksh and the Kolab valley are mostly peopled by Usbecks of the Katagan tribe. Some Kirgises have begun to found settlements in the lower parts of the Vaksh and Pandsh [...]
[...] the Katagan tribe. Some Kirgises have begun to found settlements in the lower parts of the Vaksh and Pandsh valleys; and some miserable, Turkomans are strewn among the Usbecks on the shores of the Amu. Jews, Hindoos, and Afghans form a very small percentage of [...]
[...] As to the climate of the country, it is easy to perceive that it must be comparatively mild. In the higher parts of the Kafirnagan valley there are occasionally falls of snow about two feet deep, but the lower parts of the valleys have a mild, rainy winter. Figs grow at Shir [...]
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